Octet / Reactions
Nitration of Benzene
Included in Reactions.
Aromatic
Source Details
Id
eas-nitration
Name
{
"en": "Nitration of Benzene",
"ar": "النترتة من بنزين",
"cs": "Nitration z Benzen",
"da": "Nitrering of Benzen",
"de": "Nitrierung of Benzol",
"el": "Nitrσεiσε της Βενζόλιο",
"es-419": "Nitración del benceno",
"es-ES": "Nitración del benceno",
"es": "Nitración del benceno",
"fi": "Nitraus of Bentseeni",
"fr": "Nitration du benzène",
"he": "ניטרציה של בנזן",
"hr": "Nitration od Benzen",
"hu": "Nitrnálion of Benzol",
"id": "Nitrasi Benzena",
"it": "Nitrazione del benzene",
"ja": "ベンゼンのニトロ化",
"ko": "벤젠의 나이트로화",
"lv": "Nitration nav Benzols",
"nb": "Nitrering of Benzen",
"nl": "Nitrering of Benzeen",
"pl": "Nitration z Benzen",
"pt-BR": "Nitração do benzeno",
"pt-PT": "Nitração do benzeno",
"ro": "Nitrare de benzen",
"ru": "Nitration из Бензол",
"sk": "Nitration z Benzen",
"sl": "Nitration od Benzen",
"sv": "Nitrering of Bensen",
"th": "ไนเตรชันของเบนซีน",
"tr": "Benzen Nitrolamolarakı",
"uk": "Nitration з Бензен",
"vi": "Nitro hóa benzen",
"zh-Hans": "苯的硝化",
"zh": "苯的硝化"
}Type
{
"en": "Aromatic",
"ar": "عطري",
"cs": "Aromatická",
"da": "Aromatisk",
"de": "Aromatisch",
"el": "Αρωματική",
"es-419": "Aromática",
"es-ES": "Aromática",
"es": "Aromática",
"fi": "Aromaattinen",
"fr": "Aromatique",
"he": "ארומטי",
"hr": "Aromatska",
"hu": "Aromás",
"id": "Aromatik",
"it": "Aromatica",
"ja": "芳香族",
"ko": "방향족",
"lv": "Aromātiska",
"nb": "Aromatisk",
"nl": "Aromatisch",
"pl": "Aromatyczna",
"pt-BR": "Aromática",
"pt-PT": "Aromática",
"ro": "Aromatică",
"ru": "Ароматические",
"sk": "Aromatická",
"sl": "Aromatska",
"sv": "Aromatisk",
"th": "อะโรมาติก",
"tr": "Aromatik",
"uk": "Ароматичні",
"vi": "Thơm",
"zh-Hans": "芳香族",
"zh": "芳香族"
}Subtype
{
"en": "Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution",
"ar": "استبدال عطري إلكتروفيلي",
"cs": "Elektrofilní aromatická substituce",
"da": "Elektrofil aromatisk substitution",
"de": "Elektrophile aromatische Substitution",
"el": "Ηλεκτρονιόφιλη αρωματική υποκατάσταση",
"es-419": "Sustitución aromática electrofílica",
"es-ES": "Sustitución aromática electrofílica",
"es": "Sustitución aromática electrofílica",
"fi": "Elektrofiilinen aromaattinen substituutio",
"fr": "Substitution aromatique électrophile",
"he": "התמרה ארומטית אלקטרופילית",
"hr": "Elektrofilna aromatska supstitucija",
"hu": "Elektrofil aromás szubsztitúció",
"id": "Substitusi aromatik elektrofilik",
"it": "Sostituzione aromatica elettrofila",
"ja": "求電子芳香族置換",
"ko": "친전자성 방향족 치환",
"lv": "Elektrofilā aromātiskā aizvietošana",
"nb": "Elektrofil aromatisk substitusjon",
"nl": "Elektrofiele aromatische substitutie",
"pl": "Elektrofilowa substytucja aromatyczna",
"pt-BR": "Substituição aromática eletrofílica",
"pt-PT": "Substituição aromática eletrofílica",
"ro": "Substituție aromatică electrofilă",
"ru": "Электрофильное ароматическое замещение",
"sk": "Elektrofilná aromatická substitúcia",
"sl": "Elektrofilna aromatska substitucija",
"sv": "Elektrofil aromatisk substitution",
"th": "การแทนที่อะโรมาติกแบบอิเล็กโทรฟิลิก",
"tr": "Elektrofilik aromatik sübstitüsyon",
"uk": "Електрофільне ароматичне заміщення",
"vi": "Thế thơm ái điện tử",
"zh-Hans": "亲电芳香取代",
"zh": "亲电芳香取代"
}Starting Material
c1ccccc1
Product
c1ccccc1[N+](=O)[O-]
Reagents
HNO₃, H₂SO₄
Conditions
{
"en": "Heat",
"ar": "تسخين",
"cs": "Zahrivani",
"da": "Varme",
"de": "Hitze",
"el": "Θέρμανση",
"es-419": "Calor",
"es-ES": "Calor",
"es": "Calor",
"fi": "Lämpö",
"fr": "Chaleur",
"he": "חימום",
"hr": "Toplina",
"hu": "Hő",
"id": "Panas",
"it": "Calore",
"ja": "加熱",
"ko": "열",
"lv": "Sildisana",
"nb": "Varme",
"nl": "Verhitten",
"pl": "Ogrzewanie",
"pt-BR": "Calor",
"pt-PT": "Calor",
"ro": "Căldură",
"ru": "Нагрев",
"sk": "Zahrievanie",
"sl": "Segrevanje",
"sv": "Värme",
"th": "ความร้อน",
"tr": "Isı",
"uk": "Нагрівання",
"vi": "Nhiệt",
"zh-Hans": "加热",
"zh": "加热"
}Mechanism
[
{
"smiles": "c1ccccc1",
"description": {
"en": "Benzene",
"ar": "بنزين",
"cs": "Benzen",
"da": "Benzen",
"de": "Benzol",
"el": "Βενζόλιο",
"es-419": "Benceno",
"es-ES": "Benceno",
"es": "Benceno",
"fi": "Bentseeni",
"fr": "Benzène",
"he": "בנזן",
"hr": "Benzen",
"hu": "Benzol",
"id": "Benzena",
"it": "Benzene",
"ja": "ベンゼン",
"ko": "벤젠",
"lv": "Benzols",
"nb": "Benzen",
"nl": "Benzeen",
"pl": "Benzen",
"pt-BR": "Benzeno",
"pt-PT": "Benzeno",
"ro": "Benzen",
"ru": "Бензол",
"sk": "Benzen",
"sl": "Benzen",
"sv": "Bensen",
"th": "เบนซีน",
"tr": "Benzen",
"uk": "Бензен",
"vi": "Benzen",
"zh-Hans": "苯",
"zh": "苯"
}
},
{
"smiles": "c1ccccc1",
"description": {
"en": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) forms from HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"ar": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium أيون) يتكوّن من HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"cs": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) vznika z HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"da": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) danner fra HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"de": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) bildet aus HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"el": "NO₂⁺ (nitrσεium iσε) σχηματίζεται από HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"es-419": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) se forma desde HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"es-ES": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) se forma desde HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"es": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) se forma desde HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"fi": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) muodostaa lähtien HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"fr": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) se forme à partir de HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"he": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium יון) נוצר מ HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"hr": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) nastaje iz HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"hu": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) képződik ebből HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"id": "NO₂⁺ (ion nitronium) terbentuk dari HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"it": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) si forma da HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"ja": "HNO₃ + H₂SO₄からNO₂⁺(ニトロニウムイオン)が生成する",
"ko": "HNO₃ + H₂SO₄에서 NO₂⁺(나이트로늄 이온)가 형성됨",
"lv": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium jons) veidojas nav HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"nb": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) danner fra HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"nl": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) vormt uit HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"pl": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium jon) powstaje z HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"pt-BR": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) se forma de HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"pt-PT": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) se forma de HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"ro": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) se formează din HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"ru": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ион) образуется из HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"sk": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) vznika z HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"sl": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) nastane iz HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"sv": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium ion) bildar från HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"th": "เกิด NO₂⁺ (ไอออนไนโตรเนียม) จาก HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"tr": "HNO₃ + H₂SO₄ten NO₂⁺ (nitrüzerindeyum iyüzerindeu) oluşur",
"uk": "NO₂⁺ (nitronium іон) утворюється з HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"vi": "NO₂⁺ (ion nitronium) hình thành từ HNO₃ + H₂SO₄",
"zh-Hans": "HNO₃ + H₂SO₄ 形成 NO₂⁺(硝酰阳离子)",
"zh": "HNO₃ + H₂SO₄ 形成 NO₂⁺(硝酰阳离子)"
}
},
{
"smiles": "c1ccccc1[N+](=O)[O-]",
"description": {
"en": "Electrophilic attack, then loss of H⁺",
"ar": "إلكتروفيلي هجوم, ثم فقدان من H⁺",
"cs": "Elektrofilni utok, potom ztrata z H⁺",
"da": "Elektrofilt angreb, derefter tab af H⁺",
"de": "Elektrophiler Angriff, dann Verlust von H⁺",
"el": "Ηλεκτρονιόφιλη επίθεση, έπειτα loss της H⁺",
"es-419": "Electrofílico attack, luego loss of H⁺",
"es-ES": "Electrofílico attack, luego loss of H⁺",
"es": "Electrofílico attack, luego loss of H⁺",
"fi": "Elektrofiilinen hyökkäys, sitten H⁺:n menetys",
"fr": "Électrophile attack, puis loss of H⁺",
"he": "אלקטרופילי תקיפה, ואז אובדן של H⁺",
"hr": "Elektrofilno napad, zatim gubitak od H⁺",
"hu": "Elektrofil támadás, majd loss of H⁺",
"id": "Serangan elektrofilik, lalu kehilangan H⁺",
"it": "Elettrofilo attack, poi loss of H⁺",
"ja": "求電子攻撃、その後H⁺の喪失",...Tips
[
{
"en": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ to generate NO₂⁺",
"ar": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ إلى generate NO₂⁺",
"cs": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ na generate NO₂⁺",
"da": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ til generate NO₂⁺",
"de": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ zu generate NO₂⁺",
"el": "H₂SO₄ protσεσεes HNO₃ σε generσεe NO₂⁺",
"es-419": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ a generate NO₂⁺",
"es-ES": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ a generate NO₂⁺",
"es": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ a generate NO₂⁺",
"fi": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ kohti generate NO₂⁺",
"fr": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ en generate NO₂⁺",
"he": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ ל generate NO₂⁺",
"hr": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ u generate NO₂⁺",
"hu": "H₂SO₄ protonnáles HNO₃ to genernále NO₂⁺",
"id": "H₂SO₄ memprotonasi HNO₃ untuk menghasilkan NO₂⁺",
"it": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ a generate NO₂⁺",
"ja": "H₂SO₄がHNO₃をプロトン化し、NO₂⁺を生成する",
"ko": "H₂SO₄가 HNO₃를 양성자화하여 NO₂⁺를 생성함",
"lv": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ uz generate NO₂⁺",
"nb": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ til generate NO₂⁺",
"nl": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ tot generate NO₂⁺",
"pl": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ do generate NO₂⁺",
"pt-BR": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ a generate NO₂⁺",
"pt-PT": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ a generate NO₂⁺",
"ro": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ la generate NO₂⁺",
"ru": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ в generate NO₂⁺",
"sk": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ na generate NO₂⁺",
"sl": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ v generate NO₂⁺",
"sv": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ till generate NO₂⁺",
"th": "H₂SO₄ โปรตอนเนต HNO₃ เพื่อสร้าง NO₂⁺",
"tr": "H₂SO₄, NO₂⁺ oluşturmak içiçinde HNO₃ü protüzerindelar",
"uk": "H₂SO₄ protonates HNO₃ до generate NO₂⁺",
"vi": "H₂SO₄ proton hóa HNO₃ để tạo NO₂⁺",
"zh-Hans": "H₂SO₄ 质子化 HNO₃ 以生成 NO₂⁺",
"zh": "H₂SO₄ 质子化 HNO₃ 以生成 NO₂⁺"
},
{
"en": "NO₂ is meta-director and deactivating",
"ar": "NO₂ هو meta-director و deactivating",
"cs": "NO₂ je meta-director a deactivating",
"da": "NO₂ er meta-director og deactivating",
"de": "NO₂ ist meta-director und deactivating",
"el": "NO₂ is meta-directή και απενεργοποιητικό",
"es-419": "NO₂ es meta-director y deactivating",
"es-ES": "NO₂ es meta-director y deactivating",
"es": "NO₂ es meta-director y deactivating",
"fi": "NO₂ on meta-director ja deactivating",
"fr": "NO₂ est meta-director et deactivating",
"he": "NO₂ הוא meta-director ו deactivating",
"hr": "NO₂ je meta-director i deactivating",
"hu": "NO₂ is meta-directvagy és deaktiváló",
"id": "NO₂ adalah pengarah meta dan menonaktifkan cincin",
"it": "NO₂ è meta-director e deactivating",
"ja": "NO₂はmeta配向性で不活性化基",
"ko": "NO₂는 meta-지향성이고 비활성화기임",
"lv": "NO₂ ir meta-director un deactivating",
"nb": "NO₂ er meta-director og deactivating",
"nl": "NO₂ is meta-director en deactivating",
"pl": "NO₂ jest meta-director i deactivating",
"pt-BR": "NO₂ é meta-director e deactivating",
"pt-PT": "NO₂ é meta-director e deactivating",
"ro": "NO₂ este meta-director și deactivating",
"ru": "NO₂ является meta-director и deactivating",
"sk": "NO₂ je meta-director a deactivating",
"sl": "NO₂ je meta-director v deactivating",
"sv": "NO₂ är meta-director och deactivating",
"th": "NO₂ เป็นตัวกำกับตำแหน่ง meta และทำให้วงถูกลดความไว",
"tr": "NO₂ meta yönlendiricidir ve deaktivveır",
"uk": "NO₂ є meta-director і deactivating",
"vi": "NO₂ định hướng meta và làm giảm hoạt hóa",
"zh-Hans": "NO₂ 是间位定位、钝化基团",
"zh": "NO₂ 是间位定位、钝化基团"
},
{
"en": "Further nitration requires harsher conditions",
"ar": "Further nitration requires harsher شروط",
"cs": "Further nitration requires harsher podminky",
"da": "Further nitration kræver harsher conditions",
"de": "Further nitration erfordert harsher conditions",
"el": "Further nitrσεiσε απαιτεί harsher συνθήκες",
"es-419": "Further nitración requires harsher condiciones",
"es-ES": "Further nitración require...Related Reactions
eas-halogenation, eas-sulfonation
Is Free
true